Working out how much road tax you will pay on a vehicle in the UK depends on several factors including CO2 emissions, fuel type, list price, and the vehicle's date of registration. This guide explains exactly how the car tax calculator works and what figures you need to input for an accurate result. ## How Vehicle Excise Duty Is Calculated Vehicle Excise Duty in the UK is calculated using a combination of CO2 emission bands, fuel type, vehicle age, and list price. The calculation differs between the first year and subsequent years of ownership. For new vehicles registered from April 2017 onwards, the first-year VED rate is determined by the vehicle's CO2 emissions measured under WLTP. Zero-emission vehicles pay nothing in the first year, while the highest emitters pay up to £2,605. After the first year, the standard rate applies. As of April 2026, this is £195 per year for petrol and diesel cars. Zero-emission vehicles remain exempt from the standard rate. An additional premium rate applies for five years from the second registration anniversary for vehicles with a list price above £40,000. This supplement is £410 per year and applies to all fuel types. Electric vehicles were exempted from the premium supplement from April 2025. ## CO2 Emission Bands The first-year VED rate is determined by the vehicle's WLTP CO2 emissions band. The bands are: | CO2 g/km | First-Year Rate | |----------|-----------------| | 0 | £0 | | 1-50 | £10 | | 51-75 | £30 | | 76-94 | £130 | | 95-99 | £165 | | 100-104 | £185 | | 105-109 | £205 | | 110-114 | £225 | | 115-119 | £245 | | 120-124 | £265 | | 125-129 | £285 | | 130-134 | £305 | | 135-139 | £325 | | 140-144 | £345 | | 145-149 | £365 | | 150-154 | £385 | | 155-159 | £405 | | 160-164 | £425 | | 165-169 | £445 | | 170-174 | £465 | | 175-179 | £485 | | 180-184 | £505 | | 185-189 | £525 | | 190-194 | £545 | | 195-199 | £575 | | 200-204 | £595 | | 205-209 | £615 | | 210-214 | £635 | | 215-219 | £655 | | 220-224 | £675 | | 225-229 | £695 | | 230-234 | £715 | | 235-239 | £735 | | 240-244 | £755 | | 245-249 | £775 | | 250+ | £795 | For diesel vehicles that do not meet RDE2 standards, the first-year rate increases by one band, meaning you pay the rate for the next-higher emission bracket. ## What You Need to Use a Car Tax Calculator To calculate your VED accurately, you need three pieces of information. First, the vehicle's WLTP CO2 emissions figure, found on the V5C registration document, the manufacturer's paperwork, or the DVLA's vehicle enquiry service. Second, the vehicle's list price including optional extras, needed to determine premium rate applicability. Third, the fuel type, as this affects both the standard rate and any first-year band surcharges for diesel vehicles. For used vehicles, the calculation simplifies to the standard rate plus any premium supplement if the vehicle cost more than £40,000 when new. The first-year rate only applies at the point of first registration. ## Special Cases in VED Calculation Light goods vehicles with a gross weight under 3,500kg are taxed at different rates based on their_list price and CO2 emissions. These vehicles include many pick-up trucks and small vans used for personal purposes. Motorhomes follow similar rules to cars but with modified rates based on CO2 emissions and unladen weight. The specific taxation depends on the vehicle type approval classification. kit cars and vehicles registered with Q-plate type approvals have their own calculation rules based on their specific emission and weight characteristics. ## Using the CarTax.online Calculator Our free car tax calculator uses the current VED bands and premium rate rules to estimate your annual road tax costs. Simply enter the vehicle's CO2 emissions, list price, and fuel type to receive an accurate estimate of first-year, standard annual, and any premium supplement costs. The calculator accounts for the latest 2026 VED rates and correctly applies the premium rate supplement for vehicles over £40,000. It also handles the exemption for electric vehicles and the RDE2 surcharge for non-compliant diesel vehicles. For a comprehensive view of vehicle running costs, the calculator also estimates annual fuel costs based on average mileage and current fuel prices, alongside the VED figure. ## Frequently Asked Questions **How is VED calculated for a company car?** Company cars follow the same VED rules as private vehicles. The company is responsible for taxing the vehicle. Additionally, the employee receiving private use benefit pays company car tax based on the vehicle's P11D value and CO2 emissions band. **Do I pay VED based on the original or current market value?** The premium rate supplement for vehicles over £40,000 is based on the vehicle's original list price when new, not its current market value. A £50,000 car purchased three years ago still attracts the premium supplement even if it is now worth £20,000. **What happens to VED when I change my number plate?** Changing your registration number through the DVLA's assignment process does not reset the VED calculation. You continue to pay at the rate applicable to the vehicle's age, emissions, and original list price. **Can I pay VED monthly?** Yes. You can pay vehicle excise duty monthly by direct debit for vehicles registered for more than 12 months. The DVLA website provides this option. However, you must renew the tax before the current period expires, or set up continuous direct debit payments.