Car tax and CO2 emissions UK 2026: how vehicle CO2 emissions directly determine VED rates. The emissions banding system, grams per kilometre thresholds and what counts as low-emission.
Understanding CO2 Emissions Road Tax UK 2026
Vehicle Excise Duty (VED) rules in the UK cover a wide range of vehicle types and uses. Understanding how road tax applies to your specific situation is essential for staying compliant with DVLA requirements and avoiding fines.
VED Rates and Classifications
UK road tax is calculated based on vehicle type, CO2 emissions and usage. The following table summarises key rates for co2 emissions road tax uk 2026:
| Vehicle Type | VED Class | Notes | Annual Cost |
|---|---|---|---|
| Band A - 0g/km | Zero emissions | Electric/Hydrogen | £0/year |
| Band B - 1-50g/km | Very low | Plug-in hybrids | £10/year |
| Band D - 76-90g/km | Moderate | New petrol cars | £165/year |
| Band M - 255g/km plus | High | Performance cars | £695/year |
How Road Tax Works for This Vehicle Type
UK road tax is primarily calculated based on the vehicle's official CO2 emissions figure measured in grams per kilometre. Cars are assigned to VED bands from A (zero emissions) to M (over 255g/km). The exact CO2 figure is found on the Vehicle Registration Certificate (V5C) and the Certificate of Conformity for new vehicles. Related: Car Tax and CO2 Emissions UK 2026 | Car Tax and CO2 Emissions UK 2026 | UK Car Tax Bands 2026 | UK Road Tax Bands 2026.
Key Takeaways
- CO2 from V5C: The exact CO2 figure on your V5C determines your VED band
- First-Year vs Standard: First-year rates use finer CO2 bands; standard rates use A to M
Note: If your CO2 figure is not recorded on your V5C, DVLA will estimate it and place the vehicle in the highest VED band until confirmed. You can challenge this using the V888 form.
For more information about UK vehicle tax and to calculate your specific road tax obligations, use our free car tax calculator covering all UK vehicle types and emissions bands.
Official Resources: GOV.UK Check Vehicle Tax | GOV.UK Vehicle Tax | DVLA Online | MOT Check
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: How much is car tax (VED) in the UK 2026?
Car tax rates in the UK depend on your vehicle's CO2 emissions and list price. Standard rates start from £190 per year for petrol and diesel cars, with zero-rated VED for EVs. First-year rates vary from £0 to £2,605 depending on emissions. Additional premiums apply for vehicles over £40,000.
Q: How do I check if my car is taxed online?
You can check your vehicle's tax status for free on the Gov.uk website at gov.uk/check-vehicle-tax. You'll need your vehicle's registration number (number plate). You can also check via the Motor Insurance Database to verify road tax and insurance status simultaneously.
Q: Can I get a refund on car tax if I sell my vehicle?
Yes — if you sell or scrap your vehicle, you can claim a refund on any full months of remaining road tax. Contact DVLA with the V11 reminder letter or apply online at gov.uk. Refunds are usually processed within 4-6 weeks.
Q: Is road tax refund available when transferring ownership?
No — road tax does not transfer with the vehicle. When you sell your car, the tax is automatically cancelled and any remaining months are refunded to you by DVLA. The new owner must tax the vehicle immediately. As a buyer, always verify the vehicle's tax status before purchasing.
Q: What is the luxury car tax threshold in the UK 2026?
The additional rate for vehicles over £40,000 (list price) adds £410 per year to standard VED rates for years 2-6 of registration. This surcharge brings the annual cost for high-emission vehicles over £40,000 to around £600-690 per year. Pure EVs under £40,000 pay zero VED.